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Psychological adjustment to chronic illness

Living with a chronic illness almost always means reorganising routines, expectations and identity. Psychological care supports that adjustment process.

What we are talking about

The diagnosis and ongoing management of a chronic illness — such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease or cancer — place specific psychological demands: coping with uncertainty, with treatment, with bodily changes and with the impact on family and working life.

Psychological care does not replace medical treatment. It complements it, addressing associated distress, treatment adherence and quality of life.

How it can show up

  • · Anticipatory anxiety before tests and appointments.
  • · Depressed mood and loss of meaning.
  • · Difficulty adhering to the treatment plan.
  • · Changes in body image and sexuality.
  • · Tension and changes in family relationships.
  • · Fatigue, sleep changes and irritability.

When it may make sense to seek support

After a difficult diagnosis, during demanding treatments, in transition phases (end of treatment, recurrence, functional changes), or whenever psychological distress interferes with functioning and adherence.

How assessment is carried out

Through a clinical interview integrating illness history, treatment stage, available personal and social resources, functional and emotional impact, and the person's goals for this process.

What intervention may involve

  • · Support in adjusting to diagnosis and treatment.
  • · Strategies for managing anxiety and uncertainty.
  • · Work on treatment adherence and behaviour change.
  • · Intervention on body image and identity.
  • · Support for family and caregiving relationships.
  • · Support through loss and grief.

What to expect from a first session

The first session is mainly about understanding the current situation: what brought you here, for how long, and how it is interfering with daily life. It is also a space to gather relevant history and context, clarify needs and expectations, and make an initial assessment of whether psychotherapy is a suitable response.

Next steps are defined together at the end. If psychotherapy is not the most appropriate answer, that is said clearly and alternatives are suggested.